Packaged bakery products and process thereof



Patented June 10, 1952 PACKAGED. BAKERY PILQDUQTS- AND, PRQGESS THEREQFMayne B. One, Washington, D; 0., assignor to Bile-Cue Filter Process,Inc v Binehurst, N 6;, a corp ati n 1 De wa N0 a in Application. A ri 4Serial No. 740,486"

1 This invention relates to. packaged bakery products such as bread,crackers and the like, in which the product. is enclosed in a materialwhich acts as a. color screen for shielding such products that areaffected by light. More specifically, itv relates. to. abakery productcolor screen which absorbs all of the ultra-violet, violet, and blue, aswell as a substantial amount of lightv in the region delimited by 630.0.to 6700 Angstrom units of the spectrum.

Such a. screen or wrapper has been found very efiective for enclosingand/or shielding bakery products such as bread and crackers which areafiected by light in the region below 49.00 Augstrom units and in theregion delimited by 6300-6700 Angstrom units, and which naturally absorbcopious amounts of light in the blue region of the spectrum as well as,absorb a lesser amount of light. in the. red region of the spectrum.

I have found that. those wave lengths of light which are most. harmfulto. bakery products. containing vitamins, enzymes and porphyrins arethose Wave lengths lying in the region below 4.900 Angstrom units, aswell as lying in the region of 63.00 to 6700 Angstrom units, and thatthe other wave len ths of the spectrum are not deleterious or harmful tothese, said products. Therefore it follows that when a color screen is.interposed between. the light source and said products 01. commodities,to intercept and absorb said harmful and deleterious wave lengths oflight and transmit to the products limited beneficial wave lengths oflight, said products are improved, enhanced and protected.

In the practice of this invention, there is provided a color screen as.a shielding element for bakery products and the like containingvitamins, enzymes and porphyrins, which color screen may be of anySuitable material which is translucentas for example paper, or sub.-stantially transparent, but which is definitely absorbent of lighthaving wave lengths below 4900 Angstrom units and absorbent of wavelengths lying in the region between 6300 and 6700 Angstrom units andtherefore to which wave lengths of light the material is substantiallyopaque. It will be understood, on the other hand, that an otherwisecompletely transparent material may be used which, however, has beencombined, impregnated, and/orcoated with a substance such as to make thematerial a color screen which is substantially absorbent of or opaque tolight as delimited in the preceding sentence.

It is desired to be emphasized that the dyeedlaims. (cl. 99:4.12).

stuffs and/or coloring substances which may be utilized, in producingsuch a color screen, are selected without regard for the. visual colorelrect but rather for their light absorptive characteristics in theultra-violet, violet, and blue regions of the spectrum, and also. in theregion delimited by 6300 to 6700 Angstrom Fur- 01161, and morespecifically, they are, for example only, a suitable yellow combinedwith Malachite green, or chlorophyll. The necessary concentration of thedyestufi is dictated by the purpose forwhich the sheet material is. tobe used.

The efiective element of the present invention maybe utilized in variousforms, as protection shields, plates, caps, tubing, bands, wrappingblanks, bags and formed containers such as cartons, boxes, packs,including linings of bagsand formedcontainers.

In a preferred embodiment the novel and improved article of theinvention is in the form of a transparent wrapping for a bakery productcomprising a flexible sheet of any of the transparent sheet materials,used in the packaging field, combined with a suitable dyestufi' orpigment insufficient combinations to render the sheet substantiallyopaque to light waves lying in the region below 4900 Angstrom units andin the region delimited by 6300 to 6700 Angstrom units of the spectrum.

The novel feature of the present invention over other known arts in thisfield is pertinent and specific to the region of light absorptions below4900 and the region delimited by 6300 to 6700 Angstrom units incombination with the substantial transmission of light particularly inthe region between 4900 and 6300 Angstrom units.

Vegetable oils contain the pigment chlorophyll which accounts for thespectral absorption by the oil of wave lengths of light below 4900Angstrom units as well as in the region delimited by 6300 to 6700Angstrom units. The color screen used in the present invention has theproperty of protecting the oil from deterioration through thedevelopment of rancidity, and is an improvement overthat disclosed inthe One Patent 1,880,813 in that a higher degree of transparency isobtained by this present invention, and there is provided a color screenwhich is more appealing to the eye from a sales point of view.

This same chlorophyll, pigment is present in unripened fruits andvegetables, as well as in the stage of early flowerin of plants,Chlorophyll is the photosensitizer for the chemical action in plant lifebrought about in the presence of light.

Haemoglobin in meat and meat products has practically the sameabsorption characteristics as chlorophyll, and also acts as aphotosensitizer when exposed to light. Vitamins and enzymes are inbakery products containing the following photosensitizers, namely,porphyrins including chlorophyll and haemoglobin, as well as otherphotosensitizers, and therefore the characteristics and potency ofvitamins and enzymes are more or less controlled by the presence of suchphotosensitizers. Therefore, the present invention provides a colorscreen which ha for its function the property of absorbing substantiallythe same light as is absorbed by nature in growing vegetation and inmeat and meat products.

The well known Grotthus-Draper law states that where there isphotochemical absorption there is usually photochemical action which mayand usually does result deleteriously in the case of bakery products. Asa result of numerous experiments, I have discovered that each ofMalachite green, Monastrel green, or Fast green (Al-5832) with theaddition of a suitable yellow dye or pigment can be used to produce acolor screen having a spectral absorption in the regions specifiedabove.

The effectiveness of my color screen does not depend on the color asseen by the eye, but on the spectral properties of this screen ashereinbefore stated. Suitable dyestuffs and coloring matters for use inthisinvention are those which absorb appreciably, or are substantiallopaque to the wave lengths of light in the ultra-violet, violet, andblue regions and in the region delimited by 6300 to 6700 Angstrom unitsof the spectrum.

The dyestuff or coloring matter may be incorporated in the screenmaterial either during or after the manufacture thereof. It is preferredthat the dyestuff, or the coloring matter, or the light absorbingmaterial be present in this protective element in such a concentrationthat the light transmission in the specified regions of absorption isnot greater than 10 percent and preferably less than 5 percent, i. e. inthe region below 4900 Angstrom units, and is preferably less thanpercent in the region delimited by 6300 to 6700 Angstrom units.

The color screen may comprise materials normally translucent ortransparent to visible light; for example, glass, glassine, syntheticplastics, gelatine, casein, synthetic resins of various types,non-fibrous cellulosic materials a regenerated cellulose, and cellulosederivatives, as cellulose esters, cellulose ethers, and celluoseoxy-ethers; or composite materials containing two or more of the abovementioned substances, viz. impregnated and/or coated materials, such aslacquered regenerated cellulose, as well as laminated productscomprising laminated paper, textiles (especially silk) and the like.

Although the above remarks have applied more especially to the casewhere the dyestuff is combined with, dyed or impregnated in theshielding element, the invention also contemplates employing aprotective element which may be coated with a substance or materialrendering the element substantially opaque to light below 4900 Angstromunits and also to light of the region of the visible spectrum delimitedby 6300 to 6700 Angstrom units. v

In carrying on my experiments since the issuance of my Patent No.1,880,813, I have discovered that the products hereinbefore mentioned,as well as oils, fats, and waxes need not have excluded therefrom alllight having wave lengths above 5600 Angstrom units and in factbeneficial results have been obtained by extending the region oftransmission from 4900 upwards with the exception of a critical regionsubstantially delimited by 6300 to 6700 Angstrom units. This region 6300to 6700 has been proved to be critical in that it constitutes thesubstantial equivalent of natures chlorophyll, and/or haemoglobin, andhence the resultant color screen should have a pigmentation or colorwhich will absorb wave lengths of light lying in this critical region.

The present application is a continuation-inpart of my prior copendingapplication Serial No. 406,909, filed August 14, 1941 now Patent No.2,418,818, granted April 15, 19%7.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details ofconstruction as well as the arrangements of parts constituting thearticles of this invention, as well as vary the steps and combinations"of steps constituting the method covered by this invention, withoutdeparting from the spirit of this invention, and therefore it is desirednot to be limited to the exact foregoing disclosure except as may berequired b the claims.

I claim: I

1. The process of inhibiting deleterious photochemical action in bakeryproducts which normally would result from the absorption thereby ofcertain wave lengths of light, which comprises shielding the productfrom rays of light with a material such as to admit to the commoditythose wave lengths of light between approximately 4900 and 6300 as wellas above approximately 6700 Angstrom units while excluding wave lengthsof light in all other regions.

2. The process of inhibiting deleterious photochemical action in breadwhich normally would result from the absorption thereby of certain wavelengths of light, which comprises shielding the bread from rays of lightwith a material such as to admit to the commodity those wave lengths oflight between approximately 1900 and 6300 as well as above approximately6700 Angstrom units while excluding wave lengths of light in all otherregions.

3. The process of inhibiting deleterious photochemical action incrackers which normally would result from the absorption thereby ofcertain wave lengths of light, which comprises shielding the bread fromrays of light with a material such as to admit to the commodity thosewave lengths of light between approximately 4900 and 6300 as well asabove approximately 6700 Angstrom units while excluding wave lengths oflight in all other regions.

4. An article of commerce comprising a bakery product, a materialshielding said bakery product from rays of light, said material havingthe property of admitting to the product those wave lengths of lightbetween approximately 4900 and 6300 as well as above approximately 6700Angstrom units while excluding wave lengths of light in all otherregions.

5. An article of commerce comprising bread, a material shielding saidbread from rays of light, said material having the property of admittingto the bread those wave lengths of light between approximately 4900 and6300 as well as above approximately 6700 Angstrom units while exeludingwave lengths of light in all other regions.

6. An article of commerce comprising crackers, a material shielding saidcrackers from rays of light, said material having the property ofadmitting to the crackers those wave lengths of light betweenapproximately 4900 and 6300 as well as above approximately 6700 Angstromunits while excluding wave lengths of light in all other regions.

7. An article of commerce comprising bakery products packaged in acontainer to shield the bakery products from rays of light, saidcontainer having the property of admitting to the bakery products thosewave lengths of light between approximately 4900 and 6300 as well asabove 6700 Angstrom units while excluding wave lengths of light in allother regions.

8. An article of commerce comprising bread packaged in a container toshield the bread from rays of light, said container having the propertyof admitting to the bread those wave lengths of light betweenapproximately 4900 and 6300 as well as above 6700 Angstrom units whileexcluding wave lengths of light in all other regions.

9. An article of commerce comprising crackers packaged in a container toshield the crackers from rays of light, said container having theproperty of admitting to the crackers those wave lengths of lightbetween approximately 4900 and 6300 as well as above 6700 Angstrom unitswhile excluding wave lengths of light in all other regions.

MAYNE R. COE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS OTHER REFERENCES History of Three ColorPhotography, Wall, publication by American Photographic PublishingCompany, 1925, pages 71 and 72.

Wratten Light Filters, Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York, 1929,pages 36, 43, 45, and 46.

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Au gust 1933, vol. 25, pages923-24.

Davies: Food, article entitled The Efiect of Colored Wrapers on the Fatof Fatty Foods, pages 423 and 424.

1. THE PROCESS OF INHIBITING DELETERIOUS PHOTOCHEMICAL ACTION IN BAKERYPRODUCTS WHICH NORMALLY WOULD RESULT FROM THE ABSORPTION THEREBY OFCERTAIN WAVE LENGTHS OF LIGHT, WHICH COMPRISES SHIELDING THE PRODUCTFROM RAYS OF LIGHT WITH A MATERIAL SUCH AS TO ADMIT TO THE COMMODITYTHOSE WAVE LENGTHS OF LIGHT BETWEEN APPROXIMATELY 4900 AND 6300 AS WELLAS ABOVE APPROXIMATELY 6700 ANGSTROM UNITS WHILE EXCLUDING WAVE LENGTHSOF LIGHT IN ALL OTHER REGIONS.